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Knitting is the second most commonly used method of producing fabric. It consists of employing a continuous yarn or a set of yarns to form loops that intermesh and cross each other, creating a structure called knitting fabric. Loop is the basic element of knitting which is intermeshed with adjacent loops. Knitted fabrics are basically divided into two main groups, warp-knitted and weft knitted fabrics.   

What is warp knitting?


In warp knitting, loops are made in the horizontal direction, and each loop in knitted fabric structure is made from a different thread, and the number of threads is equal to the number of loops in a horizontal row. In warp knitted fabric, threads run roughly in a vertical direction.

In a warp knitting machine, a simultaneous yarn feeding and loop forming action occur at each needle of the needle bar in the same needle cycle. 

Types of warp knitting


There are four types of warp knitting. They are as follows.

  1. Tricot knit
  2. Raschel Knit
  3. Crochet Knit
  4. Milanese Knit

What is weft knitting?

Weft knitted fabric structure is very different from the warp-knitted units. In weft knitted structure, loops are made in horizontal direction using the same yarn, and threads run horizontally. In a weft knitting machine, successive yarn feeding and loop formation occur at every needle across the needle bed during the same needle cycle. 

Types of weft knitting: 


There are basically two types of weft knitting. They are as follows.

  1. Single jersey structure
  2. Double jersey structure

Double jersey includes three basic structures. They are as follows.

  1. Rib Structure 
  2. Purl Structure
  3. Interlock Structure

Difference between warp knitting and weft knitting:

Sl. No.


Warp Knitting

Weft Knitting

1

The loops are formed along the length of the fabric


The loops are formed along the width of the fabric

2

The threads run in the vertical direction

The threads run in the horizontal direction

3

Each loop is made from a different yarn

Each loop is made from the same yarn

4

Yarn feeding and loop forming action occur simultaneously

Yarn feeding and loop forming action occur successively

5

Every needle requires at least one yarn

One yarn is enough for any number of needles

6

Cone is used to supplying the yarn

The beam is used to supplying yarns

7

Warp knitted structure is elastic to the length

Weft knitted structure is elastic to the width

8

It has less elasticity

It has higher elasticity

9

It has less shrinkage

It has higher shrinkage

10

Warp threads are less likely to unrove

Weft threads are more likely to unrove

 

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Mohammad Mahedi Hasan

Senior Author

Mahedi Hasan, a Textile Engineer, as well as a Top Rated content writer at Upwork, Level 02 Seller at Fiverr, Level 02 Publisher at Ezoic. A passionate textile ad fashion content writer, fashion SEO expert, and fashion web designer. Having a B.Sc. in Textile Engineering from Textile Engineering College, Noakhali (TECN). Department is Apparel Engineering. Highly Experienced fashion writer for the last 3+ yrs. Established Textile Details Website website to enhance professional Fashion Blogging skills.