What is knitting? Knitting terms and definition

Definition

 Knitting is a process of forming loops by manipulating a yarn or a set of yarns by means of long needles. Each loop connects to a previously formed loop as each row progresses. Loops might be connected to each other either in the horizontal direction or vertical direction. Knitted fabrics can easily be stretched to a greater degree than woven fabrics. There are basically two types of knitting: warp knitting and weft knitting. Here are some important terms related to knitting.

General terms related to knitting

Course: The loops which are connected to each other horizontally are called courses. 

Wales: The loops which are connected to each other vertically are called wales. 

Kink of Yarn: Kink of yarn defines the length of yarn bent into a suitable shape for the formation of weft-knitted loop. 

Knitted Loop: When two kinks of yarns are intermeshed, the loop is formed. 

Open Loop: A knitted loop in which the loop forming yarn enters the opposite sides without crossing over itself. 

Close Loop: A knitted loop in which the loop forming yarn enters the opposite sides with crossing over itself. 

Needle Loop: Needle loop is the upper part of a knitted loop. That means it’s formulated by the top arc and two legs or limbs.

Sinker Loop: The yarn portion connecting two adjacent needle loops is called sinker loop.

Loop/ Stitch Length: The length of yarn consumed to form a complete knitted loop is known as loop length or stitch length. 

Knitted Stitch:  Stitch is a kink of yarn that is intermeshed at both its top and bottom.

Stitch Density: Stitch density indicates the total number of loops in a square area unit. Usually, either square inch or square centimeter is used as a measurement unit.  

Top Arc: This is the upper curved part of a knitted loop.

Bottom Half-arc: This is the lower curved portion of a knitted loop.

Legs or Side Limbs: This is the rest part of a knitted loop connecting the top arc to the bottom half-arc.