Knitting is the second most commonly used method of producing fabric. It consists of employing a continuous yarn or a set of yarns to form loops that intermesh and cross each other, creating a structure called knitting fabric. Loop is the basic element of knitting which is intermeshed with adjacent loops. Knitted fabrics are basically divided into two main groups, warp-knitted and weft knitted fabrics.
What is warp knitting?
In warp knitting, loops are made in the horizontal direction, and each loop in knitted fabric structure is made from a different thread, and the number of threads is equal to the number of loops in a horizontal row. In warp knitted fabric, threads run roughly in a vertical direction.
Table Of Contents
In a warp knitting machine, a simultaneous yarn feeding and loop forming action occur at each needle of the needle bar in the same needle cycle.
Types of warp knitting:
There are four types of warp knitting. They are as follows.
- Tricot knit
- Raschel Knit
- Crochet Knit
- Milanese Knit
What is weft knitting?
Weft knitted fabric structure is very different from the warp-knitted units. In weft knitted structure, loops are made in horizontal direction using the same yarn, and threads run horizontally. In a weft knitting machine, successive yarn feeding and loop formation occur at every needle across the needle bed during the same needle cycle.
Types of weft knitting:
There are basically two types of weft knitting. They are as follows.
- Single jersey structure
- Double jersey structure
Double jersey includes three basic structures. They are as follows.
- Rib Structure
- Purl Structure
- Interlock Structure
Difference between warp knitting and weft knitting:
|
Sl. No. |
Warp Knitting |
Weft Knitting |
|
1 |
The loops are formed along the length of the fabric |
The loops are formed along the width of the fabric |
|
2 |
The threads run in the vertical direction |
The threads run in the horizontal direction |
|
3 |
Each loop is made from a different yarn |
Each loop is made from the same yarn |
|
4 |
Yarn feeding and loop forming action occur simultaneously |
Yarn feeding and loop forming action occur successively |
|
5 |
Every needle requires at least one yarn |
One yarn is enough for any number of needles |
|
6 |
Cone is used to supplying the yarn |
The beam is used to supplying yarns |
|
7 |
Warp knitted structure is elastic to the length |
Weft knitted structure is elastic to the width |
|
8 |
It has less elasticity |
It has higher elasticity |
|
9 |
It has less shrinkage |
It has higher shrinkage |
|
10 |
Warp threads are less likely to unrove |
Weft threads are more likely to unrove |
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